With rapid economic growth in countries such as China and India, Asia(*1) has now become the growth/production centre of the world. Despite the current economic crisis, it is likely that Asia’s share in the world economy will further increase. The current international negotiations on future climate regime reflect this perspective, as enhanced mitigation actions not only by developed countries such as Japan, but by developing countries, in particular, those by large emitting countries in Asia are now considered essential for the global deal.
Asia’s dominant role is not only in relation to climate change, but also with other global environmental issues. Demand for various materials and resources have expanded tremendously in Asia. Demand for renewable natural resources such as timber and fresh water has also significantly increased. Deforestation in countries like Indonesia remains a serious issue despite much effort having been made in the past.
Ecological footprints indicate that the carrying capacities of most Asian countries are already surpassed. As natural capital is an essential basis for sustainable economic growth, it is obvious that economic growth modelled on Western style development cannot be feasible for Asia, in view of Asian countries’ aspiration for continued economic growth in excess of population growth rates.
A new development path, which is based upon the principles of sustainable development, is urgently needed. Asia needs to move towards a new development paradigm based on ecological principles and relationships, not just in terms of energy but also use of materials in closed loops, an expanding natural capital, and replacing non-renewable resources with renewable alternatives.
How this can be achieved, especially in Asia but also in the entire world, is the core integrative question that IGES in the Fifth Phase will fully investigate. IGES plans to have nine major groups to conduct specific studies and activities effectively in the overall context outlined in this section.
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